When exploring Scottish fashion, shopping for Highland wear, or researching Scottish tartans, you will often encounter several terms used to describe what appears to be the same iconic pattern. Some retailers refer to it as tartan, others use plaid, while some simply describe it as a checked pattern.

So, what are tartan prints actually known as?

The most accurate and traditional term is tartan. However, depending on the country, historical context, and industry, you may also encounter names such as plaid, Scottish plaid, clan tartan, or check pattern.

Although these terms are frequently used interchangeably, they do not all have the same meaning. Understanding the distinction between tartan, plaid, and other checked fabrics not only helps you make informed purchasing decisions but also provides a deeper appreciation of one of Scotland's most enduring cultural traditions.

At Highland Redstone, we believe every tartan represents centuries of craftsmanship, history, and identity. Before selecting one, it is worth understanding what makes authentic tartan unique—and why its name matters.

What Is a Tartan Pattern?

A tartan pattern is a distinctive woven textile created by intersecting horizontal and vertical bands of coloured yarn in a precisely balanced sequence. This repeating arrangement, known as the sett, forms the foundation of every authentic Scottish tartan.

Unlike ordinary checked fabrics, a tartan follows carefully measured stripe widths and colour sequences that can be reproduced consistently through traditional weaving techniques. Every registered tartan sett is unique, giving each design its own distinct identity.

Historically, tartan fabric was woven from dyed wool using colours derived from natural plants, minerals, and local resources. Over time, many patterns became associated with Scottish

clans, regions, military regiments, universities, and institutions, transforming tartan into one of Scotland's most recognisable cultural symbols.

Today, Scottish tartan remains an internationally celebrated textile, appearing in everything from traditional Highland dress and handcrafted Scottish kilts to luxury fashion and contemporary interiors.

Why Do People Call Tartan "Plaid"?

The distinction between tartan and plaid is one of the most commonly misunderstood aspects of Scottish textiles.

In Scotland, the patterned fabric has always been known as tartan. Historically, the word plaid referred not to the pattern itself but to a large piece of tartan cloth worn over the shoulder as part of traditional Highland dress.

As Scottish textiles gained popularity in North America during the nineteenth century, the meaning gradually evolved. Over time, plaid became the everyday American and Canadian term used to describe tartan patterns.

This explains why products are commonly marketed as plaid shirts, plaid skirts, or plaid scarves throughout the United States and Canada, even though many of these fabrics are technically authentic Scottish tartans.

The simplest distinction is:

• Every tartan may be described as plaid.

• Not every plaid is an authentic tartan.

Understanding this difference is essential when discussing Scottish heritage, Highland clothing, or traditional textile craftsmanship.

Tartan vs Plaid: What Is the Difference?

Although the two terms are closely related, they are not identical.

When referring to Scottish culture, Highland dress, or authentic Scottish tartan, tartan is always the preferred and historically accurate term.

Is Every Check Pattern a Tartan?

No.

One of the most common misconceptions is that every fabric featuring intersecting lines qualifies as tartan. In reality, tartan is only one category within the broader family of check patterns.

Other well-known check designs include:

• Gingham

• Buffalo Check

• Windowpane Check

• Tattersall

• Graph Check

• Prince of Wales Check

While these patterns also feature intersecting stripes, they do not follow the structured repeating sett that defines an authentic Scottish tartan.

Simply put:

Every tartan is a check, but not every check is a tartan.

What Is a Clan Tartan?

One of the defining characteristics of Scottish tartan is its close association with Scotland's rich history.

A clan tartan is a pattern traditionally connected to a specific Scottish clan or family. Over time, tartans have also been commissioned for military regiments, districts, universities, charities, sporting organisations, businesses, and public institutions.

It is important to understand that not every Scottish surname has its own registered tartan, and many clans have multiple recognised variations developed over different periods.

Common variations include:

• Modern Tartan – rich, vibrant colours produced using modern dyes.

• Ancient Tartan – softer shades inspired by traditional natural dyes.

• Weathered Tartan – muted earth tones designed to evoke aged fabrics.

• Dress Tartan – lighter colour variations often worn for formal occasions.

• Hunting Tartan – darker greens, blues, and browns traditionally associated with outdoor wear.

These variations represent different colour palettes rather than entirely different tartan designs.

Can Anyone Wear Tartan?

Absolutely.

A common misconception is that only individuals of Scottish ancestry are entitled to wear tartan. In reality, while many people choose a clan tartan that reflects their family heritage, there is generally no restriction preventing others from wearing authentic Scottish tartans.

Many patterns are considered universal tartans and may be worn by anyone who appreciates Scotland's history, craftsmanship, and cultural traditions.

Whether your choice is inspired by ancestry, colour preference, or admiration for Scottish culture, understanding the story behind the tartan adds greater meaning to the garment.

Why Tartan Has Endured for Centuries

Few textile designs have demonstrated the enduring appeal of Scottish tartan.

Its continued popularity stems from its exceptional combination of heritage, craftsmanship, and versatility. Every tartan pattern has the ability to represent family history, regional identity, national pride, or simply timeless style.

Today, tartan is widely used in:

• Scottish kilts

• Tailored jackets and waistcoats

• Dresses and skirts

• Scarves and shawls

• Handbags and accessories

• Blankets, cushions, and home décor

Its ability to transition effortlessly from ceremonial Highland dress to contemporary fashion has secured its place as one of the world's most recognisable textile patterns.

Choosing the Right Tartan

Selecting the right Scottish tartan is a personal journey, and there is no universally correct choice.

Many individuals begin by researching their Scottish ancestry to determine whether their surname is associated with a recognised clan tartan. Others simply select a design whose colours, history, or symbolism resonate with them.

When choosing authentic tartan fabric, consider:

• Your family or Scottish clan connections

• The occasion or event

• Colour combinations that complement your wardrobe

• Traditional versus contemporary styling

• The authenticity and quality of the woven fabric

A premium woven tartan is an investment in craftsmanship that can be enjoyed for generations.

Final Thoughts

So, what are tartan prints known as?

The most accurate and historically correct term is tartan. While names such as plaid, Scottish plaid, and check pattern are widely used in different regions, tartan remains the authentic Scottish term for these distinctive woven designs.

Understanding the difference between tartan, plaid, and other checked fabrics allows you to make more informed purchasing decisions while gaining a deeper appreciation for Scotland's remarkable textile heritage.

At Highland Redstone, we believe tartan is far more than a decorative pattern. It represents centuries of Scottish craftsmanship, cultural identity, and enduring tradition. Every Scottish tartan carries a unique story, and every garment continues a legacy that has been woven into Scotland's history for generations.

Whether you are searching for your family tartan, investing in authentic Highland wear, or simply embracing timeless Scottish style, choosing a genuine tartan means becoming part of one of the world's most celebrated textile traditions.